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California · Divorce (Dissolution of Marriage)

Filing for divorce? Do it without a lawyer.

California is a no-fault state — you don't need your spouse's consent or a reason beyond “irreconcilable differences.” Here's exactly what to file, how long it takes, and what happens at each stage, whether your case is uncontested or not.

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Minimum time to finalize
6 months + 1 day

California's mandatory waiting period runs from the day your spouse is served (or first appears in the case) — even if you both agree on everything, the court can't finalize your divorce before then.

Uncontested cases with no disputes finish fastest — contested custody or property fights can stretch this to a year or more.
Get this exact

Find your earliest finalization date.

First, confirm you can file at all — then see the earliest date the court could grant your divorce.

California residency

6 months

At least one spouse must have lived in California for the 6 months immediately before filing.

County residency

3 months

At least one spouse must have lived in the filing county for the 3 months immediately before filing.

No-fault grounds

No proof needed

"Irreconcilable differences" is enough — you don't need your spouse's agreement or proof of wrongdoing.

Calculate it

Enter a service date above to see the result.
What to do

Seven steps, start to finish.

01

Confirm residency

At least one spouse must have lived in California for the last 6 months and in the county where you're filing for the last 3 months (this doesn't apply to ending a same-sex marriage not recognized elsewhere).

02

File your Petition and Summons

File Form FL-100 (Petition for Dissolution of Marriage) and FL-110 (Summons) with the Superior Court and pay the filing fee. If you have minor children together, also file FL-105 (UCCJEA Declaration).

03

Serve your spouse

You can't serve the papers yourself — an adult who isn't part of the case, a process server, or the sheriff must do it, generally within 60 days of filing. The 6-month waiting period starts on this date.

04

Your spouse responds (or doesn't)

They have 30 days to file Form FL-120 (Response). If they don't respond, you can typically proceed by default and finalize the divorce without their participation.

05

Exchange financial disclosures

Both spouses must complete and exchange FL-140 (Declaration of Disclosure), FL-142 (Schedule of Assets and Debts), and FL-150 (Income and Expense Declaration) — required even if you agree on everything.

06

Negotiate or go to trial

Most cases settle through negotiation or mediation. If you can't agree on property, support, or custody, a judge will decide those issues at trial.

07

Submit your judgment and wait it out

File Form FL-180 (Judgment) once terms are set. The court can't finalize your divorce before 6 months and 1 day from the date your spouse was served — even if you agreed on day one.

Forms you'll need

Every form comes straight from the Judicial Council.

Fill any of these directly in your browser — no printing, scanning, or separate PDF editor required.

FL-100

Petition for Dissolution of Marriage

Required

The core form that starts your case — marriage details, grounds, and what you're asking the court to order on property, support, and custody.

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FL-110

Summons

Required

Notifies your spouse a case has begun and triggers automatic temporary restraining orders (ATROs) on both of you — no moving kids out of state, no hiding assets, no new debts.

Fill This Form →
FL-115

Proof of Service of Summons

Required

Filed by whoever serves your spouse, confirming they received the Petition and Summons and when.

Fill This Form →
FL-105

Declaration Under UCCJEA

If applicable

Required if you have minor children together — lets the court confirm it has authority to make custody decisions.

Fill This Form →
FL-140 / FL-142 / FL-150

Declaration of Disclosure, Schedule of Assets & Debts, Income and Expense Declaration

Required

The financial disclosure package — required for both spouses even in a fully uncontested case.

Fill This Form →
FL-180

Judgment

Required

The final paperwork that officially ends your marriage once terms are set and the waiting period has passed.

Fill This Form →
FW-001

Request to Waive Court Fees

If applicable

Waives the filing fee if you can't afford it. Free to file, and low-income filers who qualify pay nothing.

Fill This Form →
FL-700

Joint Petition for Dissolution

If applicable

New as of January 2026 — lets couples who agree on every term file together for a single fee, with no separate service step.

Fill This Form →

On FL-100 itself, watch for:

Your spouse's legal name and current address must be exact — an unservable respondent stalls your entire case.
Check the box for the correct grounds — almost always "irreconcilable differences," California's no-fault option.
List every request you want the judgment to cover — property division, support, name restoration, custody — you can't easily add one later.
If you have children, FL-105 must be filed alongside FL-100 or the court can't make custody orders.
Pick the correct courthouse — the county where you or your spouse meet the 3-month residency requirement.
Sign and date the form — an unsigned petition can be rejected by the clerk.
What happens next

After you file your petition.

Day 0
You file your petition
The clerk assigns a case number and stamps your copies. Your spouse hasn't been notified yet.
Within 60 days
You serve your spouse
Service must be done by someone other than you — a process server, sheriff, or uninvolved adult. This date starts the 6-month clock.
30 days after service
Spouse responds or defaults
They file FL-120 to contest or agree with your requests, or the case can proceed by default if they don't respond.
Ongoing
You exchange disclosures and negotiate
Both sides share financial disclosures and work toward a settlement — or prepare for trial if you can't agree.
6 months + 1 day minimum
Judgment is entered
Once terms are finalized and the waiting period has passed, the court enters judgment and your divorce is legally final.
Recommendations

Don't make these mistakes.

File the disclosure forms even if you agree on everything
FL-140/142/150 are mandatory in every California divorce — skipping them can delay or unwind your judgment later.
The 6-month clock starts at service, not filing
Serving your spouse promptly is the single biggest lever you have over how fast your divorce finalizes.
Don't violate the automatic restraining orders
ATROs kick in the moment you file — moving money, changing beneficiaries, or relocating kids can backfire hard in court.
Check if you qualify for summary dissolution
Married under 5 years, no kids, minimal shared property and debt, and full agreement can mean a much simpler process.
Can't afford the filing fee?
You can ask the court to waive it with form FW-001 (Request to Waive Court Fees). It's free to file and low-income filers who qualify pay nothing.
Plain-English glossary

The terms you'll hit along the way.

Divorce comes with its own vocabulary. Here's what each term actually means.

Petitioner

The spouse who files the case first — you, if you're the one submitting FL-100.

Respondent

The other spouse, who is served and has the chance to respond.

Dissolution of marriage

California's legal term for divorce — the two mean the same thing here.

No-fault divorce

You don't need to prove wrongdoing — "irreconcilable differences" is a sufficient legal reason on its own.

Community property

Assets and debts acquired during the marriage, generally split 50/50 regardless of whose name is on them.

ATROs

Automatic Temporary Restraining Orders — rules that kick in for both spouses the moment a case is filed, freezing major financial and custody changes.

Default judgment

A judgment entered because the respondent never filed a response after being properly served.

Summary dissolution

A simplified, no-hearing process for short marriages (under 5 years) with no kids and limited shared property and debt.

FAQ

Common questions, answered.

Do I need my spouse's consent to divorce?

No — California is a no-fault state, so one spouse can obtain a divorce even if the other objects or refuses to participate after being properly served.

How much does it cost to file?

The filing fee is about $435 (roughly $870 total if your spouse also files a response). Form FW-001 lets you request a full fee waiver if you qualify.

How long does a divorce take in California?

By law, at least 6 months and 1 day from the date your spouse is served — uncontested cases often finish in 7–9 months, while contested cases can take well over a year.

What if my spouse won't respond?

If they were properly served and don't respond within 30 days, you can generally proceed by default judgment without their participation.

Can I skip the waiting period if we agree on everything?

No — the 6-month-and-1-day minimum applies even to fully uncontested divorces. Agreement can speed up everything before that point, but not the final date.

Is there a faster option for short marriages?

Summary dissolution is available if you've been married under 5 years, have no children together, own no real estate, and have limited shared property and debt — it skips the court hearing but the 6-month wait still applies.

What happens to our property?

California is a community property state — assets and debts acquired during the marriage are generally divided equally, while separate property owned before marriage or received by gift/inheritance usually stays with its original owner.

Is there a way to file together and skip service?

Yes — as of January 2026, couples who agree on every term can file a Joint Petition (Form FL-700) together. It counts as service on both spouses, so there's no process server and a single filing fee instead of two.

Start the clock on your new chapter. File your petition today.

Get Form FL-100 →

Formbono is not a law firm and this page is not legal advice. If your situation is complex, consider contacting a local legal aid or self-help center.